Promovarea culturii etice în universități pentru dezvoltarea comportamentului etic
Revista "Etică și deontologie",
Vol. 2 Nr. 2 (2022): Revista "Etică și deontologie"
Rezumat
Crearea și promovarea unei culturi etice în instituțiile de învățământ este un demers pe cât de complex, pe atât de necesar în contextul actual. Cultura etică în universități este importantă deoarece influențează comportamentul etic al membrilor comunității academice și poate contribui la dezvoltarea caracterului studenților. Valorile morale, odată asumate, ne ajută să devenim ființe umane mai bune, cu o perspectivă etică asupra deciziilor pe care le luăm, incluzând respectul pentru ceilalți, onestitatea, egalitatea etc. Studiile au demonstrat faptul că standardele morale pot fi îmbunătățite prin educație. Pentru a educa lideri de caracter, universitățile moderne trebuie să asigure atât accesul la educația etică, cât și accesul la un climat etic adecvat. Scopul acestui articol este de a explora cadrul pe care se fundamentează cultura etică în universități și instrumentele care pot contribui la dezvoltarea sa. De asemenea, lucrarea abordează relația dintre cultura etică instituțională și comportamentul etic al studenților după absolvirea studiilor. Articolul susține că o universitate care dezvoltă o cultură etică poate aduce contribuții la dezvoltarea comportamentelor etice și profesionale ale absolvenților.
Cuvinte cheie
- Ballantine, J. A., Guo, X., Larres, P. (2018). Can future managers and business executives be influenced to behave more ethically in the workplace? The impact of approaches to learning on business students’ cheating behavior. Journal of Business Ethics, 149(1), 245–258.
- Ballantine, J. A., McCourt Larres, P., Mulgrew, M. (2014). Determinants of academic cheating behavior: The future for accountancy in Ireland. Accounting Forum, 38(1), 55–66.
- Bazerman, M. H., Tenbrunsel, A. E. (2011). Blind Spots: Why We Fail to Do What’s Right and What to Do About it. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
- Burton, S., Johnston, M. W., Wilson, J. E. (1991). An experimental assessment of alternative teaching approaches for introducing business ethics to undergraduate business students. Journal of Business Ethics, 10, 507-517.
- Cameron, K. S., Quinn, R. E. (2011). Diagnosing and Changing Organizational Culture: Based on the Competing Values Framework (3rd ed.). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
- Elovainio, M., Kivimäki, M., Vahtera, J. (2002). Organizational justice: Evidence of a new psychosocial predictor of health. American Journal of Public Health, 92, 105–108.
- Graves, S. M., Austin, S. F. (2008). Student cheating habits: A predictor of workplace deviance. Journal of Diversity Management, 3(1), 15–22.
- Guerrero-Dib, J. G., Portales, L., Heredia-Escorza, Y. (2020). Impact of academic integrity on workplace ethical behaviour. International Journal for Educational Integrity, 16(1), 1.
- Harding T.S., Passow, H.J., Carpenter, D.D., Finell, C.J. (2004). An examination of the relationship between academic dishonesty and professional behavior. IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine, 46(5), 133-138.
- Harding, T. S., Carpenter, D. D., Finelli, C. J., Passow, H. J. (2004). Does academic dishonesty relate to unethical behavior in professional practice? An exploratory study. Science and Engineering Ethics, 10(2), 311–324.
- Heugens, P. P., Kaptein, M., van Oosterhout, J. H. (2006). The ethics of the node versus the ethics of the dyad? Reconciling virtue ethics and contractualism. Organization Studies, 27, 391–411.
- Hsiao, C. H., Yang, C. (2011). The impact of professional unethical beliefs on cheating intention. Ethics & Behavior, 21(4), 301–316.
- Hunt, S.D, Wood, V.R., Chonko, L.B. (1989). Corporate ethical values and organizational commitment in marketing. Journal of Marketing, 53, 79-90.
- Kaptein, M. (2011). Understanding unethical behavior by unraveling ethical culture. Human relations, 64(6), 843-869.
- Kaptein, M. (2009). Ethics programs and ethical culture: A next step in unraveling their multi-faceted relationship. Journal of Business Ethics, 89, 261–281.
- Kaptein, M. (2008). Developing and testing a measure for the ethical culture of organizations: The corporate ethical virtues model. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 29, 923–947.
- Laduke, R.D. (2013). Academic dishonesty today, unethical practices tomorrow? Journal of Profesional Nursing, 29 (3), 402-406.
- Lichtenberg, J. (1996). What Codes of Ethics Are For? În Margaret Coady, Sidney Bloch (eds.), Codes of Ethics and the Professions. Melbourne: Melbourne University Press, 1996.
- Mayer, D. M. (2014). A review of the literature on ethical climate and culture. În B. Schneider, K. M. Barbera (Eds.), The oxford handbook of organizational climate and culture. New York: Oxford University Press.
- Orosz G, Tóth-Király I, Bőthe B, Paskuj B, Berkics M, Fülöp M, Roland-Lévy, C. (2018). Linking cheating in school and corruption. Revue Européenne de Psychologie Appliquée, 68(2), 89–97.
- Pettigrew, A. M. (1979). On Studying Organizational Cultures. Administrative Science Quarterly, 24(4), 570–581.
- Price, T. L. (2004). Explaining Ethical Failures of Leadership. În J. B. Ciulla (Ed.), Ethics, The Heart of Leadership. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers.
- Rose-Ackerman S., Palifka, B.J. (2016). Corruption and government: causes, consequences, and reform, 2nd edn. New York: Cambridge University Press.
- Nonis, S., Swift, C. O. (2001). An Examination of the Relationship Between Academic Dishonesty and Workplace Dishonesty: A Multicampus Investigation. Journal of Education for Business, 77(2), 69-77.
- Schein, E. H. (2010). Organizational culture and leadership. San Francisco: Wiley.
- Sims, R. L. (1993). The Relationship Between Academic Dishonesty and Unethical Business Practices. Journal of Education for Business, 68(4), 207-211.
- Treviño, L., Weaver, G. (2003). Managing ethics in business organizations: Social scientific perspectives. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
- Treviño, L. K., Butterfield, K. D., McCabe, D. L. (1998). The ethical context in organizations: Influences on employee attitudes and behaviors. Business Ethics Quarterly, 8, 447–476.
- Valentine, S., Barnett, T. (2007). Perceived organizational ethics and the ethical decisions of sales and marketing personnel. Journal of Personal Selling & Sales Management, 27, 373–388.
- Victor, B., Cullen, J. B. (1988). The organizational bases of ethical work climates. Administrative Science Quarterly, 33(1), 101–125.
- Weber, J. (1990). Measuring the impact of teaching ethics to future managers: A review, assessment, and recommendations. Journal of Business Ethics, 9, 183-190.
Referințe
Ballantine, J. A., Guo, X., Larres, P. (2018). Can future managers and business executives be influenced to behave more ethically in the workplace? The impact of approaches to learning on business students’ cheating behavior. Journal of Business Ethics, 149(1), 245–258.
Ballantine, J. A., McCourt Larres, P., Mulgrew, M. (2014). Determinants of academic cheating behavior: The future for accountancy in Ireland. Accounting Forum, 38(1), 55–66.
Bazerman, M. H., Tenbrunsel, A. E. (2011). Blind Spots: Why We Fail to Do What’s Right and What to Do About it. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Burton, S., Johnston, M. W., Wilson, J. E. (1991). An experimental assessment of alternative teaching approaches for introducing business ethics to undergraduate business students. Journal of Business Ethics, 10, 507-517.
Cameron, K. S., Quinn, R. E. (2011). Diagnosing and Changing Organizational Culture: Based on the Competing Values Framework (3rd ed.). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Elovainio, M., Kivimäki, M., Vahtera, J. (2002). Organizational justice: Evidence of a new psychosocial predictor of health. American Journal of Public Health, 92, 105–108.
Graves, S. M., Austin, S. F. (2008). Student cheating habits: A predictor of workplace deviance. Journal of Diversity Management, 3(1), 15–22.
Guerrero-Dib, J. G., Portales, L., Heredia-Escorza, Y. (2020). Impact of academic integrity on workplace ethical behaviour. International Journal for Educational Integrity, 16(1), 1.
Harding T.S., Passow, H.J., Carpenter, D.D., Finell, C.J. (2004). An examination of the relationship between academic dishonesty and professional behavior. IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine, 46(5), 133-138.
Harding, T. S., Carpenter, D. D., Finelli, C. J., Passow, H. J. (2004). Does academic dishonesty relate to unethical behavior in professional practice? An exploratory study. Science and Engineering Ethics, 10(2), 311–324.
Heugens, P. P., Kaptein, M., van Oosterhout, J. H. (2006). The ethics of the node versus the ethics of the dyad? Reconciling virtue ethics and contractualism. Organization Studies, 27, 391–411.
Hsiao, C. H., Yang, C. (2011). The impact of professional unethical beliefs on cheating intention. Ethics & Behavior, 21(4), 301–316.
Hunt, S.D, Wood, V.R., Chonko, L.B. (1989). Corporate ethical values and organizational commitment in marketing. Journal of Marketing, 53, 79-90.
Kaptein, M. (2011). Understanding unethical behavior by unraveling ethical culture. Human relations, 64(6), 843-869.
Kaptein, M. (2009). Ethics programs and ethical culture: A next step in unraveling their multi-faceted relationship. Journal of Business Ethics, 89, 261–281.
Kaptein, M. (2008). Developing and testing a measure for the ethical culture of organizations: The corporate ethical virtues model. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 29, 923–947.
Laduke, R.D. (2013). Academic dishonesty today, unethical practices tomorrow? Journal of Profesional Nursing, 29 (3), 402-406.
Lichtenberg, J. (1996). What Codes of Ethics Are For? În Margaret Coady, Sidney Bloch (eds.), Codes of Ethics and the Professions. Melbourne: Melbourne University Press, 1996.
Mayer, D. M. (2014). A review of the literature on ethical climate and culture. În B. Schneider, K. M. Barbera (Eds.), The oxford handbook of organizational climate and culture. New York: Oxford University Press.
Orosz G, Tóth-Király I, Bőthe B, Paskuj B, Berkics M, Fülöp M, Roland-Lévy, C. (2018). Linking cheating in school and corruption. Revue Européenne de Psychologie Appliquée, 68(2), 89–97.
Pettigrew, A. M. (1979). On Studying Organizational Cultures. Administrative Science Quarterly, 24(4), 570–581.
Price, T. L. (2004). Explaining Ethical Failures of Leadership. În J. B. Ciulla (Ed.), Ethics, The Heart of Leadership. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers.
Rose-Ackerman S., Palifka, B.J. (2016). Corruption and government: causes, consequences, and reform, 2nd edn. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Nonis, S., Swift, C. O. (2001). An Examination of the Relationship Between Academic Dishonesty and Workplace Dishonesty: A Multicampus Investigation. Journal of Education for Business, 77(2), 69-77.
Schein, E. H. (2010). Organizational culture and leadership. San Francisco: Wiley.
Sims, R. L. (1993). The Relationship Between Academic Dishonesty and Unethical Business Practices. Journal of Education for Business, 68(4), 207-211.
Treviño, L., Weaver, G. (2003). Managing ethics in business organizations: Social scientific perspectives. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
Treviño, L. K., Butterfield, K. D., McCabe, D. L. (1998). The ethical context in organizations: Influences on employee attitudes and behaviors. Business Ethics Quarterly, 8, 447–476.
Valentine, S., Barnett, T. (2007). Perceived organizational ethics and the ethical decisions of sales and marketing personnel. Journal of Personal Selling & Sales Management, 27, 373–388.
Victor, B., Cullen, J. B. (1988). The organizational bases of ethical work climates. Administrative Science Quarterly, 33(1), 101–125.
Weber, J. (1990). Measuring the impact of teaching ethics to future managers: A review, assessment, and recommendations. Journal of Business Ethics, 9, 183-190.